37
Rb
85.467
Rubidium
General | States | Energies | Oxidation & Electrons |
Appearance & Characteristics | Reactions |
Other Forms Radius | Conductivity | Abundance



General:

Name: Rubidium Symbol: Rb
Group: Alkali Met. Atomic weight: 85.467
Density @ 293 K: 1.53 g/cm3 Atomic volume: 55.9 cm3/mol
Group: Alkali Met. Discovered: 1861

States

State (s, l, g): solid
Melting point: 312.09 K Boiling point: 961 K
Heat of fusion: 2.192 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization: 72.216 kJ/mol

Energies

1st ionization energy: 403 kJ/mole
Electronegativity: 0.82 2nd ionization energy: 2632.1 kJ/mole
Electron affinity: 46.885 kJ/mole 3rd ionization energy: 3859.4 kJ/mole
Specific heat: 0.363 J/gK Heat atomization: 86 kJ/mole atoms

Oxidation & Electrons

Shells: 2,8,18,8,1 Electron configuration: [Kr] 5s1
Minimum oxidation number: 0 Maximum oxidation number: 1
Min. common oxidation no.: 0 Max. common oxidation no.: 1

Appearance & Characteristics

Structure: bcc: body-centered cubic Color: silvery-white
Uses: photocells Toxicity:
Hardness: 0.3 mohs Characteristics: soft

Reactions

Reaction with air: vigorous, => RbO2
Reaction with 6 M HCl: vigorous, => H2, RbCl Reaction with 6 M HCl: vigorous, => H2, RbCl
Reaction with 15 M HNO3: vigorous,=> RbNO3, H2, NOx Reaction with 6 M NaOH: vigorous, => H2, RbOH

Other Forms

Number of isotopes: 2 Hydride(s): RbH
Oxide(s): Rb2O Chloride(s): RbCl

Radius

Ionic radius (2- ion): pm Ionic radius (1- ion): pm
Atomic radius: 248 pm Ionic radius (1+ ion): 166 pm
Ionic radius (2+ ion): pm Ionic radius (3+ ion): pm

Conductivity

Thermal conductivity: 58.2 J/m-sec-deg
Electrical conductivity: 77.9 1/mohm-cm Polarizability: 47.3 A^3

Abundance

Source: Li extractn by-product
Rel. abund. solar system: 0.851 log Abundance earth's crust: 2 log
cost, pure: 1200 $/100g cost, bulk: $/100g