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37
Rb
85.467
Rubidium |
Appearance & Characteristics | Reactions |
Other Forms Radius | Conductivity | Abundance
General:
| Name: Rubidium | Symbol: Rb |
| Group: Alkali Met. | Atomic weight: 85.467 |
| Density @ 293 K: 1.53 g/cm3 | Atomic volume: 55.9 cm3/mol |
| Group: Alkali Met. | Discovered: 1861 |
States
| State (s, l, g): solid | |
| Melting point: 312.09 K | Boiling point: 961 K |
| Heat of fusion: 2.192 kJ/mol | Heat of vaporization: 72.216 kJ/mol |
Energies
| 1st ionization energy: 403 kJ/mole | |
| Electronegativity: 0.82 | 2nd ionization energy: 2632.1 kJ/mole |
| Electron affinity: 46.885 kJ/mole | 3rd ionization energy: 3859.4 kJ/mole |
| Specific heat: 0.363 J/gK | Heat atomization: 86 kJ/mole atoms |
Oxidation & Electrons
| Shells: 2,8,18,8,1 | Electron configuration: [Kr] 5s1 |
| Minimum oxidation number: 0 | Maximum oxidation number: 1 |
| Min. common oxidation no.: 0 | Max. common oxidation no.: 1 |
Appearance & Characteristics
| Structure: bcc: body-centered cubic | Color: silvery-white |
| Uses: photocells | Toxicity: |
| Hardness: 0.3 mohs | Characteristics: soft |
Reactions
| Reaction with air: vigorous, => RbO2 | |
| Reaction with 6 M HCl: vigorous, => H2, RbCl | Reaction with 6 M HCl: vigorous, => H2, RbCl |
| Reaction with 15 M HNO3: vigorous,=> RbNO3, H2, NOx | Reaction with 6 M NaOH: vigorous, => H2, RbOH |
Other Forms
| Number of isotopes: 2 | Hydride(s): RbH |
| Oxide(s): Rb2O | Chloride(s): RbCl |
Radius
| Ionic radius (2- ion): pm | Ionic radius (1- ion): pm |
| Atomic radius: 248 pm | Ionic radius (1+ ion): 166 pm |
| Ionic radius (2+ ion): pm | Ionic radius (3+ ion): pm |
Conductivity
| Thermal conductivity: 58.2 J/m-sec-deg | |
| Electrical conductivity: 77.9 1/mohm-cm | Polarizability: 47.3 A^3 |
Abundance
| Source: Li extractn by-product | |
| Rel. abund. solar system: 0.851 log | Abundance earth's crust: 2 log |
| cost, pure: 1200 $/100g | cost, bulk: $/100g |
