22
Ti
47.90
Titanium
General | States | Energies | Oxidation & Electrons |
Appearance & Characteristics | Reactions |
Other Forms Radius | Conductivity | Abundance



General:

Name: Titanium Symbol: Ti
Group: Trans. Met. Atomic weight: 47.90
Density @ 293 K: 4.50 g/cm3 Atomic volume: 10.64 cm3/mol
Group: Trans. Met. Discovered: 1791

States

State (s, l, g): solid
Melting point: 1933.2 K Boiling point: 3558 K
Heat of fusion: 15.450 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization: 421.00 kJ/mol

Energies

1st ionization energy: 658 kJ/mole
Electronegativity: 1.54 2nd ionization energy: 1310.3 kJ/mole
Electron affinity: 7.6 kJ/mole 3rd ionization energy: 2652.5 kJ/mole
Specific heat: 0.52 J/gK Heat atomization: 470 kJ/mole atoms

Oxidation & Electrons

Shells: 2,8,10,2 Electron configuration: [Ar] 3d2 4s2
Minimum oxidation number: -1 Maximum oxidation number: 4
Min. common oxidation no.: 0 Max. common oxidation no.: 4

Appearance & Characteristics

Structure: hcp: hexagonal close pkd Color: gray
Uses: steel, white pigment(TiO2) Toxicity:
Hardness: mohs Characteristics: max strength/weight ratio

Reactions

Reaction with air: mild, w/ht => TiO2, TiN
Reaction with 6 M HCl: none Reaction with 6 M HCl: none
Reaction with 15 M HNO3: passivated Reaction with 6 M NaOH: none

Other Forms

Number of isotopes: 5 Hydride(s): TiH2
Oxide(s): TiO Ti2O3 TiO2 + more Chloride(s): TiCl2 TiCl3 TiCl4

Radius

Ionic radius (2- ion): pm Ionic radius (1- ion): pm
Atomic radius: 147 pm Ionic radius (1+ ion): pm
Ionic radius (2+ ion): 100 pm Ionic radius (3+ ion): 81 pm

Conductivity

Thermal conductivity: 21.9 J/m-sec-deg
Electrical conductivity: 23.81 1/mohm-cm Polarizability: 14.6 A^3

Abundance

Source: Ilmenite, rutile(oxide)
Rel. abund. solar system: 3.380 log Abundance earth's crust: 3.8 log
cost, pure: 6.1 $/100g cost, bulk: $/100g